复合材料蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测的研究

 用数值模拟和实验研究了飞机蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测的规律。提出了蜂窝板积水检测的新型三维传热模型;用有限元法分析了近水检测、远水检测和立放检测3种检测模式下信息参数与积水量的关系;用脉冲热像实验验证了近水检测的基本规律。结果表明:在这3种检测模式下,最大温差和最大对比度与积水高度均呈非线性关系,随着积水高度的增加而增大。近水检测灵敏度最高,其次是蜂窝板立放检测,远水检测灵敏度最低。积水和富胶对表面温度的影响趋势一致,利用温差曲线或最大温差信息无法区分积水和富胶状态。根据可检信息参数与积水高度的关系曲线可以反向估计积水高度。这些研究结果为飞机蜂窝板积水的脉冲热像检测及评估提供了技术支持。     

Full-scale crash test and FEM simulation of a crashworthy helicopter seat

Crashworthy seat structure with considerable energy absorption capacity is a key component for aircraft to improve its crashworthiness and occupant survivability in emergencies.According to Federal Aviation Administration(FAA) regulations,seat performance must be certified by dynamic crash test which is quite expensive and time-consuming.For this reason,numerical simulation is a more efficient and economical approach to provide the possibility to assess seat performances and predict occupant responses.A numerical simulation of the crashworthy seat structure was presented and the results were also compared with the full-scale crash test data.In the numerical simulation,a full-scale three-dimensional finite element model of the seat/occupant structure was developed using a nonlinear and explicit dynamic finite element code LS-DYNA3D.Emphasis of the numerical simulation was on predicting the dynamic response of seat/occupant system,including the occupant motion which may lead to injuries,the occupant acceleration-time histories,and the energy absorbing behavior of the energy absorbers.The agreement between the simulation and the physical test suggestes that the developed numerical simulation can be a feasible substitute for the dynamic crash test.      

涡扇发动机排气系统中心锥气膜冷却结构的气动和红外辐射特性实验

以降低涡扇发动机排气系统红外辐射为目的,针对某型涡扇排气系统构建1/3缩比模型,采用实验的方法比较了中心锥有/无冷却的排气系统喷流温度场和红外辐射场,验证了中心锥冷却结构能够大幅度降低涡扇发动机排气系统尾向红外辐射强度.研究结果表明:中心锥表面在外涵气体冷却下温度降低,同时尾焰核心温度也降低.当涵道比为0.3时,在0°~10°范围内,气膜冷却中心锥体排气系统红外辐射降低24%~32%;在20°~90°范围内,红外辐射强度降低0.8%~2.1%.当涵道比增加到0.8时,0°方向的红外辐射强度降低60%;20°~90°范围内的红外辐射强度降低了33%~51%.      

飞行弹丸红外特性的地面模拟试验

设计并建立了用于飞行弹丸中段飞行状态实验室模拟的试验系统,测量获得了飞行弹丸的红外辐射特性.基于传热与辐射理论,分析了相关参数对实验结果的影响,获得飞行弹丸在一定飞行状态下的辐射特性变化规律.目标的初始温度和辐照条件是影响目标辐射特性的主要因素,自旋状态影响辐射特性的空间分布.试验测量与数值仿真和理论分析结果均具有很好的一致性,证明在实验室开展飞行弹丸的红外辐射特性模拟试验具有可行性.     

Comparison of Antarctic riometer radio wave absorption and THEMIS mission energetic electron fluxes

Simultaneous observations of in situ plasma properties in the tail of the Earth’s magnetosphere and of ground based instruments, lying on the same geomagnetic field lines, have recently proved to yield significant new results. In most cases magnetosphere ionosphere interactions during the night-time northern hemisphere conditions are studied. Here, observations of energetic electrons in the tail of the Earth’s magnetosphere made by the THEMIS mission satellites are compared with auroral radio wave absorption determined by riometers in the Antarctic for sunlit conditions. Days for which satellites and riometers are connected by the same geomagnetic field line are selected using a geomagnetic field model. The six days analysed show clear associations between fluxes and absorptions in some cases. However, these do not necessarily correspond to conjugacy intervals. Hours of positive associations are 1.65 times those for negative associations, all hours and days considered (1.42–3.6 on five days and 0.58 on the other day). These computations are assumed appropriate since the footprints of the satellites used approximately follow corrected geomagnetic parallels for all six days studied. The use of a finer parameterization of geomagnetic models to determine conjugacy may be needed.     

一种空间邻近目标红外多传感器立体分辨方法

空间邻近目标在红外像平面的成像因相互交叠而形成簇状像斑,对红外传感器的信号处理提出了分辨的要求。为实现对空间邻近目标的立体跟踪定位,提出基于量子粒子群优化的空间邻近目标红外多传感器立体分辨方法。在对目标像平面成像建模基础上,构建基于最小二乘准则的空间邻近目标立体分辨目标函数,针对目标函数的高维非线性特点,以QP-SO解决目标函数优化问题,估计目标空间位置。仿真结果表明:相比于传统的先单传感器像平面分辨后多传感器视线交叉定位方法,此法具有更优的目标位置估计精度、辐射强度估计精度和目标个数估计正确率。     

红外光脉冲照射对目标红外特性调制的研究

针对目标的探测、识别以及目标红外特征的模拟,提出采用人工红外光源脉冲照射目标的方法。以目标红外辐射特性形成的机理为依据,建立人工红外光源脉冲照射目标的物理模型;确定氙灯为红外光源,建立了目标红外辐射的计算模型,并对红外光脉冲照射时目标的红外特性进行了仿真计算与分析。结果表明:人工红外光脉冲照射可以对目标红外特性进行调制,在相同条件下,光源照射功率越大,照射距离越近,调制的效果越好;垂直照射比平行照射效果好。     

用于新型雷达/红外无源复合诱饵的等离子体参数选择

根据电磁波在分层介质中阻抗匹配原理,计算了非均匀非磁化等离子体平行与垂直极化波的功率反射系数。基于碱金属盐的高温电离特性,以功率反射系数为研究对象,对雷达无源诱饵用等离子体的厚度、温度和电子密度分布等参数选择进行了分析,并根据所选择的参数讨论了入射角对无源诱饵应用的影响。     

单壁碳纳米管低能区光吸收性质

采用半经验方法,通过紧束缚理论建立一维近似模型,研究了单壁碳纳米管的态密度,解释了单壁碳纳米管光吸收谱低能阶段出现的3个吸收峰的形成原因。     

旋转受照状态下天线温度场仿真分析

在进行星表天线地面真空热环境试验过程中,传统的红外加热设备会造成测量光路遮挡、降温速率减慢等影响。为提高试验准确性,提出了基于天线旋转受照的真空热试验方法。利用虚拟热试验平台对旋转受照状态下天线温度场进行仿真分析,得到天线温度场的分布与变化,并与试验数据对比,验证了仿真建模的准确性和试验方法的可行性。